a. Concept of democracy and its features
The concept of democracy is a form of government in which power is vested in the people, who exercise it directly or through elected representatives. It is characterized by several key features: 1. Popular Sovereignty: Democracy recognizes that political power ultimately resides with the people. They have the right to participate in decision-making processes, either directly or through elected representatives. 2. Rule of Law: Democracy upholds the principle that all individuals, including government officials, are subject to and accountable to the law. The rule of law ensures that no one is above the law and that legal frameworks are applied impartially. 3. Political Equality: Democracy promotes political equality, treating all individuals as equal citizens with equal rights and opportunities to participate in the political process. It ensures that no individual or group is unfairly privileged or excluded based on factors such as wealth, social status, gender, or religion. 4. Majority ...